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Mir-2 (project 1993) Space Station


Mir-2(pr.1993) was the latest "Mir" station replacement project. Designed by RKK "Energia" it should be started at the beginning of the 1996 and be finished no later than 1999. Unfortunately it was never done, but some of the station elements ("Zvezda", "Pirs", NEP) are build and now form core of the russian segment of the ISS.

Description:

The station would consist of the DOS-8 core module and a cross beam called the NEP (Science Power Platform). This was equipped with MSB retractable solar panels, remote controlled thruster packages and small scientific packages. Four 3 to 4 tonnes mission modules were planned.

The project final configuration has following modules:

·        Core Module (x1) – DOS-8 , known as “Zvezda”. Includes primary living quarters including eating, sleeping and sanitary facilities. This module was build and used in ISS.

·        Service Module (x1) – There is no other information, except this should be smaller analogue of the “Kvant-2” module.

·        Docking Module (x2) SO-1 “Pirs” module with the APDS universal androgynous docking system, and a side hatch for space walks. 

·        Universal Docking Module (x2) Codename “USM”. Equipped with gyrodynes for orienting the station and a passive docking port for docking of Soyuz or Progress ferry spacecraft. Should have 6 docking points and 2 NEP attachment points.

·        Technology Module (x1) Codename “TM”. Materials experiments equipment. Based on modified Progress-M2 vehicle.

·        Biotechnology Module (x1) – Codename “BTM”. Based on modified Progress-M2 vehicle.

·        Earth Surveillance Module (x1) – Codename “MDZZ”. Based on modified Progress-M2 vehicle.

·        NEP – Science Power Platform. Mount for 2 solar panels, 2 Solar Gas Turbine Units, Station heat radiator, 4 remote controlled thruster pods and additional science equipment. Inner parts of the NEP should contain gyrodynes and additional energy storage battery arrays.

Technical specifications:

Designation: DOS 17KS-12801
Launched: Planned for Early 1996
Reentered: Planned for 2005, with option to extend lifetime.
Principal uses: civilian space station
Orbit: typically 350-450 km, 64.8o
Crew size: 2-3, up to 6 (two longstay typical)
Overall dimensions: 59.3 x 36.2 x 17.7 m (approximate, full configuration with solar arrays extended)
Habitable volume: ? m3
Total mass: up to 90,000 kg fully assembled, up to 15,000 kg scientific equipment.
Propellant mass: Core - four tanks offering 860 kg capacity; refuelled by Progress ferries. Thruster pods – 4 tanks, possibly 2-3 tonnes capacity each.
Main propulsion system
    engines: twin aft-mounted main engines, pressure-fed, gimbaled +/-5o
    main engine thrust: 2 x 2.94 kN vac
    propellant: NTO/UDMH
    specific impulse: 305 vac
Attitude control thrusters: 32 x 11D428A –thrust 137 N (four independent networks of 8 each)  on the core module.Little is known for thruster pods, according to existing drawing, it can be suggested, there were planned 12 x 11D458 or derivative engines for each pod.
Power: 9 kW are generated by two Sun-following 38 m2 solar wings on base block, spanning 29.7 m. Voltage is 28.5 VDC. 38 kW are generated by 2 solar wings and 2 solar turbo-generator power units. 8 NiCd batteries with 800A capacity provide storage.
Life support: pressure maintained at 1,053-1,276 mbar, T 18-28oC, humidity 20-70%, O2/N2 mixture with max O2 content 40%, CO2 3%. Pressurized air delivered by Progress, CO2 scrubbed by “Vozdukh” molecular sieves (for backup used chemical LiOH scrubber). 40 cartridges of O2-generating NaClO3 sodium chlorate retained as backup to electrolytic “Electron” system and used when >3 people aboard. Other modules provide additional life support. General equivalent protection inside Mir-2 against radiation is typically 1 g/cm2. Background noise level is 75 dB
Avionics/control: ODCC on-board digital computer complex in conjunction with PINS platform-less inertial navigation system. Attitude/navigation information is provided by IR Earth horizon scanning sensors, solar sonsors, star sensors, Sun-presence sensors, automatic/manual star sextant, magnetometer, gyros and linear accelerometers. Tne onboard radio system have 5 subsystems: “Regul” – radio (RSUS), television (TVS), internal telephone-telegraph communications (STTS), the orbit radio-control system (RKO) and the Lira radio-technical system (BRTS).  The two NEP mounted compartments each carry six gyrodyne control moment gyros. Station carries the S-band Kurs approach/docking system forward/aft, and the older Salyut Igla only at the rear. Kurs holds station stationary while the approaching vehicle conducts all the maneuvers. Unmanned vessels are docked under ground control. Station carries an aft steerable 11-14 GHz antenna for continuous links through GEO telecom satellites.
Building plans: There was planned to launch core block 12801 in the beginning of 1996, first USM module follows. Building of NEP must be done the same year using modified Progress vehicles, or 1-2 “Buran” launches. VDU’s must be delivered by modified Progresses too, but mounted, using manipulator and rail, or in existence of the manipulator, using rail and cosmonaut physical force. At the end of 1996, the SM module must be launched, followed by BTM at 1997 and TM at 1998.

Pictures:
Mir-2 isometric view Mir-2 project blueprints 

Screenshots:
Fully completed Mir-2 station.  Closer look at the mission modules.  Mir-2 station: another racourse.  Mir-2 station mesh in Anim8or. 
Building Phase 1: 'Zvezda' module in orbit, 'Soyuz' crew transfer vehicle docked.  Building Phase 2: 'Zvezda' and USM modules in orbit.  Building Phase 3: 'Pirs' docking module added.  Building Phase 4A: First part of the NEP truss. 
Building Phase 4B: Second part of the NEP truss.  Building Phase 4C: Third pard of the NEP truss added.  Building Phase 4D: Fourt part of the NEP.  Building Phase 6 complete: All four VDU'a are in place. 
Building Phase 4E: NEP-R3 in place, solar arrays deployed.  Building Phase 4F: truss fully completed.  Building Phase 7A: First gas-turbine unit attached.  Building Phase 7B: Both SGTU's are in place. 
Building Phase 8: Second USMmodule attached.  Building Phase 9: Second 'Pirs' added.  Building Phase 10: 'Rubin' service module now available. SGTU's deployed.  Building Phase 11: Bio-Technology module 'Bionika' is ready to use. 
Building Phase 12: Technology module 'Faktoriya'.  Building Phase 13: 'Planeta' Earth surveillance module.  Building Phase 14: With Exposed science platform NP building of the station complete. 
Some new features of the version 1.1 - manipulator in action.  Some new features of the version 1.1 - 'Highlight closest object' manipulator feature.

Project status:   Released, development continues.

·        Semi-full Version 1.1.0.0 released.

·        Modular Version 1.0.6.0 released.

·        Building scenarios in development.

·        Launch Scenarios in development.

·        Mission module mesh updates – development paused.

Project Description:   

·        Version 1.1.0.0

ð     Added core of the station (includes “Zvezda” and USM modules and whole truss with solar arrays and VDU’s) as single vessel.

ð     Core station vessel have solar arrays which can rotate automatically toward the sun and radiator, which automatically evades the sun.

ð     Core station vessel have real-time automated thrust correction system, which can compensate asymmetric module docking.

ð     Added “manipulator” vessel, which have a working manipulator, and can move by rails alongside the truss.

ð     New building scenario pack, modified to include manipulator and core vessel.

ð     Modified scenario pack, representing station building stages, which include core vessel.

ð     Includes modified “Progress” ferry vessel for delivering VDU pods.

·        Version 1.0.6.0

ð     Includes all station modules as single vessels.

ð     Modules “Zvezda” and  NEP-R3 have solar arrays which can rotate automatically toward the sun.

ð     NEP-L3 truss module joint also can automatically follow the sun, so if solar gas turbine or solar arrays will be docked to the joint, they will be always in proper orientation toward the sun.

ð     NEP-R1 module automatically rotates to evade the sun lightening.

ð     All solar arrays, radiators, solar gas turbines and antennas can be stowed.

ð     Scenario pack representing  station building stages.

Release date: 

Package 1.1.0.0 – 10 December 2007
Package 1.0.6.0 – 30 September 2007

Credits:

·        3D modeling – Nikolay (NickD) Dimitrov

·        Programming – Yuri (Kulch) Kulchitski

Links:

Link concerning Mir-2 in  Orbiter Forum

Link concerning development of Mir-2 in  Orbiter Forum

 

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